Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara): traditional uses, preparation methods, toxic alkaloids, and contraindications for pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Silver Birch (Betula pendula): traditional uses, tea and sap preparation, contraindications, and the pollen’s cross-reaction allergy risk.

Comfrey (Symphytum officinale): traditional topical uses in poultices and ointments, plus the essential contraindications for internal consumption.

White willow (Salix alba): traditional uses, bark decoction preparation, and contraindications for Reye’s syndrome, salicylate allergy, and anticoagulants.

Devil’s claw (Harpagophytum procumbens): traditional uses, tea and tincture preparation, and contraindications for ulcers, pregnancy, and anticoagulants.